Masaoka shiki biography examples

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正岡子規 Masaoka Shiki (1867-1902)

Shiki's last portrait, December 24, 1900. Photo: 正岡明 Masaoka Akira

子規の俳句
http://www.aozora.gr.jp/index_pages/person305.html#sakuhin_list_1
http://www5c.biglobe.ne.jp/n32e131/haiku/siki.html
http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/japanese/shiki/beichman/BeiShik.utf8.html
http://www.webmtabi.jp/200803/haiku/matsuyama_masaokashiki_index.html

https://www.city.matsuyama.ehime.jp/shisetsu/bunka/sikihaku/sikihakuriyou/shikihaiku_kensaku.html

子規は、その長くはない生涯で約24,000もの俳句を作りました。（抹消句等を含みます）
その子規の俳句を、春、夏、秋、冬、新年、雑　に分類して掲載しました。
季語での検索もできますので、ぜひ覗いてみてください。

出典：『季語別子規俳句集』　　　編集・発行　松山市立子規記念博物館

年代 Date 季節 Season 分類 Classification (plants, animals, human, astronomy etc.) 季語 Kigo (seasonal word)

春の俳句（PDF：219KB）

夏の俳句（PDF：250KB）

秋の俳句（PDF：342KB）

冬の俳句（PDF：250KB）

新年の俳句（PDF：48KB）

雑の俳句（PDF：14KB）

子規の俳句検索
http://sikihaku.lesp.co.jp/community/search/index.php

指定管理者株式会社（レスパスコーポレーション）のホームページで、句中曖昧語、年代、季節、分類、季語の5つの検索方法で絞り込んで検索できるようになりましたので、こちらもご利用ください。

正岡子規の俳句検索（外部リンク）

Biography

1867:
Born in Matsuyama Castle Town (present Matsuyama-city) on September 17.

1883:
Went to Tokyo where his uncle lived.

1884:
Entered Tokyo University Preparatory School.

1888:
Entered the Tokiwa Kai Dormitory of the Matsuyama Domain, Hisamatsu Clan. Expectorated blood for the first time.

1889:
Expectoration of blood lasted for a week. Began calling himself" Shiki ".

1890:
Entered into the Philosophy Department of The College of Liberal Arts of Imperial University, and later transfered to the Japanese Literature Department.

1892 :
Wrote travel writings and stories about haiku in the newspaper, Nihon. Contracted tuberculosis.

1893:
Withdrew from the university.

1895:
Traveled to Kinshu, Qing as a war correspondent in the Sino-Japanese War. On his way back to Japan, spit up blood and returned to Matsuyama for recuperation. Stayed in the lodgin

Japanese poet, author, and literary critic

In this Japanese name, the surname is Masaoka.

Masaoka Shiki (正岡 子規, October 14, 1867 – September 19, 1902), pen-name of Masaoka Noboru (正岡 升), was a Japanese poet, author, and literary critic in Meiji period Japan. Shiki is regarded as a major figure in the development of modern haiku poetry, credited with writing nearly 20,000 stanzas during his short life. He also wrote on reform of tanka poetry.

Some consider Shiki to be one of the four great haiku masters, the others being Matsuo Bashō, Yosa Buson, and Kobayashi Issa.

Early life

Shiki, or rather Tsunenori (常規) as he was originally named, was born in Matsuyama City in Iyo Province (present day Ehime Prefecture) to a samurai class family of modest means. As a child, he was called Tokoronosuke (處之助); in adolescence, his name was changed to Noboru (升).

His father, Tsunenao (正岡常尚), was an alcoholic who died when Shiki was five years of age. His mother, Yae, was a daughter of Ōhara Kanzan, a Confucian scholar. Kanzan was the first of Shiki's extra-school tutors; at the age of 7 the boy began reading Mencius under his tutelage. Shiki later confessed to being a less-than-diligent student.

At age 15 Shiki became something of a political radical, attaching himself to the then-waning Freedom and People's Rights Movement and getting himself banned from public speaking by the principal of Matsuyama Middle School, which he was attending. Around this time he developed an interest in moving to Tokyo and did so in 1883.

Education

The young Shiki first attended his hometown Matsuyama Middle School, where Kusama Tokiyoshi, a leader of the discredited Freedom and People's Rights Movement, had rec

ABSTRACT: The short, difficult life of Masaoka Shiki coincided with a turbulent period in Japanese political and cultural history. In the wake of the “opening” of Japan to the West, the country was flooded with new ideas from abroad that prompted the young Japanese artists and literati — Shiki squarely among them — to reconsider traditional genres of painting and poetry. Shiki’s best-known contribution to this cultural revolution at the turn of the 20th century was his study and revitalization of haiku and especially his theory of shasei, or “sketch from life.” This essay explores the aesthetic sources of shasei and traces the influences that Shiki’s ideas had on his followers in Japan and abroad.

__________

by Charles Trumbull

Introduction

Masaoka Shiki was the right person in the right place at the right time. He was born just as Japan was being “opened” to the West. A country that had been culturally insular for centuries was being bombarded with radically new ideas.

The crosscurrent of influences from the West was both official and informal. The Japanese government enthusiastically embraced Western economic and social institutions, including even aspects of culture and literature. Individual artists and writers on their own initiative rushed to steep themselves in Western culture and aesthetics.

[I]n the Meiji period there was an initial calculated strategy to study Western representational methods for the larger purpose of bringing Japan to a perceived level of modernity. However, a small but influential group of painters became involved in a cross-cultural exchange that could not be controlled by government planning.

Shiki’s cousin characterized the period and how it appeared to ambitious young men: “We reached adolescence just after the dissolution of the feudal system. All had been sown afresh. But while the old order had fallen, nothing new had yet been created in its place. Shiki was resolved to step into that cultural vacuum. He

By Professor Donald Keene
Columbia University Press
1 Aug. 2013, 192 pages
ISBN-10: 0231164882

Review by Sir Hugh Cortazzi

Professor Donald Keene, who is now a Japanese national and lives in Tokyo, is the doyen of western studies of Japanese culture and history. He began to study the Japanese language more than seventy years ago and has written some thirty scholarly and very readable studies of a wide variety of aspects of Japanese culture, in particular Japanese literature through the ages.

His latest book describes the life and works of one of the most significant poets of the Meiji period, when Japanese literature in response to the revolutionary changes then taking place in Japan adopted new forms and styles.

Shiki Masaoka [正岡 子規] is best known as the leading haiku poet of the modern era, but he also, as Keene explains, wrote tanka, modern poems (shintaishi), novels and essays as well as a Noh play.  His life was a short one (1867-1902) and for much of it he suffered from debilitating and painful ailments.

Keene gives an interesting and informative account of Shiki’s life and the many literary figures including the novelist Natsume Soseki with whom Shike came in contact during his brief life.

Shiki was born in Matsuyama in Shikoku. He was the son of an impoverished low ranking samurai.  He was ambitious and in 1883 made his way from Shikoku by sea to Tokyo where he began to study philosophy, but he was temperamentally unsuited to the subject and soon turned to literature and aesthetics. He forced himself to overcome his physical weakness and became intrigued by baseball.  The following haiku composed by Shiki in 1890 reflects his enjoyment of the game:

harukaze ya
mare no nagetaki
kusa no hara

Spring breezes –
How I’d love to throw a ball
Over a grassy field.

He took up journalism and determined to become a writer. Despite the handicap imposed by illn